Classful IPv4 Addresses

IPv4 Addresses and IPv4 Subnetting

CIDR SUBNET MASK

ADDRESSES

WILDCARD MASK

Classful IPv4 Addresses

/32

1

Class A

0.0.0.0-127.255.255.255

/31

255.255.255.254

2

Class B

128.0.0.0-191.255.255.255

/30

255.255.255.252

4

Class C

192.0.0.0-223.255.255.255

/29

255.255.255.248

8

Class D

224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255

/28

255.255.255.240

16

0.0.0.15

Class E

240.0.0.0-255.255.255.255

/27

255.255.255.224

32

0.0.0.31

Private IPv4 Addresses

/26

255.255.255. 192

64

0.0.0.63

/25

255.255.255.128

128

0.0.0.127

/24

255.255.255.0

256

0.0.0.255

/23 255.255.254.0

512

0.0.1.255

/22

255.255.252.0

1024

0.0.3.255

/21

255.255.248.0

2048

0.0.7.255

/20

255.255.240.0

4096

0.0.15.255

Local Host

/19

255.255.224.0

8192

0.0.31.255

APIPA

10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255

Special IPv4 Addresses

127.0.0.0-127.255.255.255

169.254.0.0-169.254.255.255

/18 255.255.192.0

16384

0.0.63.255

Bogon IPv4 Addresses

/17

255.255.128.0

32768

0.0.127.255

/16

255.255.0.0

65536

0.0.255.255

0.0.0.0/8

This network

/15

255.254.0.0

131072

0.1.255.255

10.0.0.0/8

Private IPv4 Address Block

/14

255.252.0.0

262144

0.3.255.255

100.64.0.0/10

Carrier-grade NAT

/13

255.248.0.0

524288

0.7.255.255

127.0.0.0/8

Loopback

/12

255.240.0.0

1048576

0.15.255.255

127.0.53.53

Name collision occurrence

/11

255.224.0.0

2097152

0.31.255.255

169.254.0.0/16

Link local

/10

255.192.0.0

4194304

0.63.255.255

172.16.0.0/12

Private IPv4 Address Block

19

255.128.0.0

8388608

0.127.255.255

192.0.0.0/24

IETF protocol assignments

/8

255.0.0.0

16777216

0.255.255.255

192.0.2.0/24

TEST-NET-1

17

254.0.0.0

33554432

1.255.255.255

192.168.0.0/16

Private IPv4 Address Block

/6

252.0.0.0

67108864

3.255.255.255

198.18.0.0/15

Network benchmark testing

/5

248.0.0.0

134217728

7.255.255.255

198.51.100.0/24

TEST-NET-2

/4

240.0.0.0

268435456

15.255.255.255

203.0.113.0/24

TEST-NET-3

/3

224.0.0.0

536870912

31.255.255.255

224.0.0.0/4

Multicast

/2

192.0.0.0

1073741824

63.255.255.255

240.0.0.0/4

Reserved

/1

128.0.0.0

2147483648

127.255.255.255

255.255.255.255/32

Limited broadcast

10

0.0.0.0

4294967296

255.255.255.255

Useful Wireshark Filters Cyber Threat Intelligence

Useful

Wireshark Filters

Cyber Threat Intelligence

ip.addr == 10.0.0.1: Show all traffic with 10.0.0.1 as either source or destination.

ip.addr == 10.0.0.0/24: Show all traffic to and from any address in 10.0.0.0/24.

ip.src == 10.0.0.1 && ip.dst == 10.0.0.2: Show all traffic from 10.0.0.1 to 10.0.0.2.

!(ip.addr == 10.0.0.1): Exclude all traffic to or from 10.0.0.1.

icmp.type == 3: Show ICMP "destination unreachable" packets.

tcp or udp: Show TCP or UDP traffic.

tcp.port == 80: Show TCP traffic with port 80.

tcp.srcport < 1000: Show TCP traffic with source port range.

http or dns: Show all HTTP or DNS traffic.

tcp.flags.syn == 1: Show TCP packets with SYN flag set.

tcp.flags == 0x012: Show TCP packets with both SYN and ACK flags set.

tcp.analysis.retransmission: Show all retransmitted TCP packets.

http.request.method == "GET": Show TCP packets associated with HTTP GET.

http.response.code == 404: Show packets associated with HTTP 404 response.

http.host == "www.abc.com: Show HTTP traffic matching the Host header field.

tis.handshake: Show only TLS handshake packets.

tls.handshake.type == 1: Show client Hello packet during TLS handshake.

dhcp and ip.addr == 10.0.0.0/24: Show DHCP traffic for 10.0.0.0/24 subnet.

dhcp.hw.mac_addr == 00:11:22:33:44:55: Show DHCP packets for client MAC address.

dns.resp.name == cnn.com: Show DNS responses with name field of "cnn.com".

frame contains keyword: Show all packets that contain the word "keyword".

frame.len > 1000: Show all packets with total length larger than 1000 bytes.

eth.addr == 00:11:22:33:44:55: Show all traffic to or from the specified MAC address.

eth [0x47:2] == 01:80: Match Ethernet frames with 2 bytes at offset 0x47 == 01:80.

!(arp or icmp or stp): Filter out background traffic from ARP, ICMP, and STP.

vlan.id == 100: Show packets with VLAN ID 100.

Amiga 500 is here. Features and capabilities And a £499

NEW AMIGA 500.

NOW OTHER HOME COMPUTERS ARE JUST TOYS.

Amiga 500 is here.

features and capabilities 

And a £499 price ticket ex VAT, hundreds of pounds le than anyone could have predioind.

a miracle of compression writes Popular Computing ky

system which is clearly bener than anthing cbe at the pie

This elegant lintir machine takes family computing into new dimensions of corativity, excitemen and productivity

It outruns and insegurs office PCs as a bonites multi-takes pericensing a densikfel of diver jobs simultaneously, at over Tasilion steps per secnod in realtime

So other home copy not be the only machines is consign to the toy cupboard

AMAZING SCIENCE FACTI

Amiga is used by Disney, Universal and other Hollywood mudice for its dazzling 10 graphic manipulation and snimacion powers A sophisticated high-speed

graphics procesor called a bliner chip cranidorme images in realine You can paint the screen wah more than 4.000 Create and modily desipa and effects as you like, with pin sharp resolution.

You command an almost Limitless workshophul of stunning prodesival graphics capabilities

With an optional Genlock interface, you can capture images off videutape. Manipulate and mix

dem with graphics. Then re-transfer hem sy videotapel

This means you can produce spectacular special effects like those crewed by Amiga computers for Channel Chart Show and the American TV science fiction series Amazing Sams

YOU ALV'T HEARD NOTHINGTyound effects

An optional digter allows

Concealed within the Amiga shape, there is also you to take onboardresu a pro-quality sound synchandia and mostly there. Trade Four-kereo sound ryu Driven by ansher potsheer music. Play them back

and unique chip

Your Amiga can sho synthesise the human voice.

It can speak back anything you care to write on the keyboard

So this is one connрилет thar can not only word proces with fanless professional полировки прerlative graphicstam the text, ie can also read the sent back to you aloud

GAMESMANSHIP AND WORKMANSHIPY

The new Amigs 500, in fact, dumblinds les comperitors is

Graphics, stereo sound multi

windoving, mai screens, 512K 10

LMB RAM (expandable by an

incredible & further megabytes

esirmaily usernal disk drive

witch 880K of man memors 4 unique dedicated chipe plus the 16/32-bir power and 734 Milz speed of its central procesimatica Jos and vast expansion posential all add up to a comprof immence professional capability

Yet the same technology allows the Amiga 500 to play games so mind bending that only foll scale arcade machines have been able to play thera uncil no

AND AMIGA MEANS FRIENIPI

However many of the Amiga exirwrdinary talents you your compositions bom keyboard find yourself wing, they will all be beautilially simple and natural

rough the speaker of

You will be sotally at home in the friendly and effortless Amiga

environmens, where everything happens by windows and pulldown me

And the Amiga 500

There is now on comple home computer. At any price

Try the amonishing new Amiga 500 at your nearest Commodore Amiga dealer.

And discover why Pononal Compaar Wiral having towed the graphics performance of Amigas latest and most powerful concluded Amiga still reigne supreme

VAMIGA

C

Commodore

Let's turn on the car alarm

Let's turn on the car alarm 

https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5B7T65uiLf_svplftpo2TYyvm0Qje7vM?si=ZEXxwfF-a2vob1lA

WHAT'S HOT Wow! Ultra-Powerful MMX PCs, Internet TV...

WHAT'S HOT

Wow! Ultra-Powerful MMX PCs, Internet TV...

This month we present a slew of new products-making big news with higher technology and lower prices! You'll notice on the following pages that we've assembled the most affordable group of 5x86 and 6x86 (not to mention Intel Pentium, Pentium Pro and hot new MMX technology) computers in the industry. Over a decade of experience in the PC business culminates with these machines-high quality, low price. And each machine is 100% tested and approved-backed by the same rock-solid quality guarantee that you get on every product in this catalog. Let's move on...to the Internet. We've got the latest modems and Intemet software you'll need to get on the Net, as well as create your own pages. Plus, a device that enables you to access the Internet on your TV without a computer! Then there's our selection of scanners, storage devices, sound boards, accessories and unique items that you simply won't find anywhere else. We've always found the hard to find computer products. And then there's our service. You don't stay in this business this long without a profound commitment to each and every customer. And even though we've grown in the past few years, we're still small enough to care about you-and immediately respond to your every need. You'll love shopping with us. I personally guarantee it...

Carl Fiorentino

Carl Fiorentino President, TigerSoftware

Tiger's Compatibility Guide

Each Product's Compatibility is Clearly Marked For Your Convenience! Here's how it works...

WIN95-22-BIT There 22 bit applications will only work with Win 95 and Windows NT.

WINDS WIN 31-16-BIT These are 16-bit applications which which are designed fur Windows 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups, but will work with Windows 3. They will not take advantage of 32-bit capabilities.

Www Ww31-3:BIT These are 12 bit applications which work best with Windows 105, but will also work with Windows 21 and Windows NT.

The products work with IBM-compatible personal cumputers

These products run under DOS. Note elip art and font CDs will work with both DOS and Windows

These products work with Apple Macintosh computers. Some prolacts can be used with both MAC and IBM compatible computers

TIGER EXCLUSIVE

Atari 64-Bit JAGUAR System: $5999

An Exclusive Offer On The World's Most Advanced 3-D Game System! Includes RISC Processors!

If you couldn't get your hands on a Nintendo 64 this past holiday sea-son-you lucked out!... That's right, you can now get yourself (or the kids) a true 64-bit, full 3-D game sys tem-with dozens of games available-for under $60! Like they say, "good things come to those wait." The Atari Jaguar system delivers 64-bit speed lion colors-just like Nintendo 64. And when it comes to rendering-just like Nintendo 64, Jaguar delivers 16.8 mil processing power-the Jaguar beats the Nintendo 64 with its multiple RISC processors and full-blown 64-bit archi tecture! The games look outrageously real and the sound we've got two teriffic Atari Jaguar Bundles available, plus plus optional game packs-all at incredibly low prices

JAGUAR

most world's tems the awe-adhanced gamesys some Atari Jaguar 64-bit system-capable of high-speed rendering in brilliant 3-D at a blistering 850 mil-who lion pixels per sec-and ond, that's Me incomparable to the others. Plus, Jaguar delivers some earthshaking audio tracks. As you can see, we like the Atari Jaguar better than Nin-tendo 64! And for there's no reason just $59.90-why you shouldn't put interactive electronic enter tainment in your home-with the advanced technology of 64-bit RISC processors. Rich, vibrant graphics, CD-quality digital stereo sound. And an expandable future you'll nev er outgrow! The Atari Jaguar will take you into the fature of digital home entertainment.

on one of the

FREE GAMES!

See price box for FREE titles

16.8 million Dazzling Colors!

The Offer Of The Year For Gamers!

What a spectacular offer

Scene from "Alien vs. Predator"

RISC POWER! CD-Quality Digital Stereo Sound Breathtaking 3-0 Graphics

JAGUAR

High-Speed Rendering: about 150 million pixels por second

18 Button Pad For Full Control!

Check our price box for some great bundles. An expanding A Source Of Endless Entertainment library of new and exciting software experiences takes full advantage of popular Jaguar CD-based games and other CD formats: Audio CDs and CD+G with optional CD. Each Atari Jaguar Package Contains:

Atari

055-5111

Atari Jaguar System Plus: System Plus: includes 1. Cybermorph 2. Checkered Flag and and 2. Kasumi Ninja

VALUET

$59.39

ORDER 800 888-4437 OR SEE PG. 105 FOR ORDER FORM: INDEX PG.

Harnessing a fero-cious double-speed drive and a phenomenal 790 Jaguar CD Multi-megabytes of stor-age, the Atari media Player enables you to play Jaguar Inter-active CD titles-

What a specatacular offer! The Atari Jaguar CD Player Includes Over $100 In FREE CD Software! comes complete with four great CDs to get you started Tempest: The Soundtrack (an outrageous musical journey,

responsive Jaguar Controller. AC Power Adapter and Video Cable. Plus, we'll throw in some free games for your new Atari Jaguar entertainment library-remember, we've got two spectacular bundles available plus some hot CD game packs. If you missed Nintendo 64, have the last laugh with this $300 value for just $59.99 Atari 64-bit Interactive Multimedia System. Sleek and

055-6104

PACK 2 White Men Can't Jump, Doom, PACK 1: Iron Soldier, Rip Out!, Tempest 2000 $29.99

Attack of the Mutant Penguins. PACK 2: Defender 2000, Super Burnout

055-6108

Missile Command

055-6110 PACK & Flip Out, I-War, Supercross.

$29.99

$29.99

$29.99

SPECIAL SPROV BUY!

Also Available: Atari JAGUAR CD Multimedia Add-On!

packed with video adventure and wild audio), Vid Grid and a CD demo of award-winning Doom! (a video gaming sensation), Blue Lightning (air combat)

055-6101 Additional 18 Button Controller.

$19.39

ALSO AVIALABLE: Jaguar Game Packs

055-6103

they're sizzling-all brought to life in true-color, movie-like, full-motion video with CD-quality digital stereo sound. Wow! What an experience, and a great addition to your Atari Jaguar system. Ignite your brain cells with the built in Virtual Light Machine launches your senses and your 02 audio CD collection-into orbit on a multiple-band inter active light show of truly hyperdelic proportions,

JAGUAR

$8999

FREE CDS! Four FREE Game And Entertainment COs!

Hurry!

Full-Screen, Fall-Motion Video! Dostle-Speed CD-ROM 750 MB Strage

Atari

Descrip

055-6102 CD Player Option for Atari Jaguar $89.99 Includes FREE Tempest: Soundtrack, Blue Lightning, Vid Grid and Myst Demo CDs

Price fach

Also Avilable: Tiger's Jaguar CD Game Pack!

055-6106 Jaguar 4-CD Game Pack. $39.99 Myst (Full Version) CD, Battlemorph CD, sion) CD, Battlemorph CD, Baldies CD and Highlander CD. GREAT VALUE!

JUST ARRIVED! New Hover Strike CD For Jaguar CD $9.99

055-6107 Hover Strike CD.

5.4 Seconds of Fun!!

5.4 Seconds of Fun!!

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World's Largest Selection of Commercial and Home Video Games and Accessories

World's Largest Selection of Commercial and Home Video Games and Accessories.

WICO Video Game Controllers.

WICO Deluxe Joystick $29.95 ($2").

WICO Red Ball Joystick $52.95 ($2").

WICO Trackball Controller $69.95

FOR CARTRIDGE AVAILABILITY INFO CALL OUR RECORDED HOT LINE 24 HOURS A DAY (213) 901-1005

NOTE: Many Items listed but not shown.

COLECO VISION

IMagic for Mattel intellivision™ Swords & Serpents $34.95($2").

Demon Attack $34.95($2*).

Atlantis $34.95 ($2*).

Beauty & the Beast $34.95($2").

Micro Surgeon $37.95 ($2").

Remote Joysticks for Atari $69.95 ($4").

REMOTE CONTROL-WIRELESS JOYSTICKS

TATLANTIS

STAMPEDE

PITFALL!

MICROSURGED

IDECION ATTACIS

IBEAUTY&BEAST

VENTURE

SMURF

ZAXXON

Colecovision™ $189.95 ($6°)

Joysticks for Colecovision™ $10/pair ($2")

Cartridges for Colecovision™:

Venture Smurf Rescue Cosmic

Avenger Lady Bug Carnival Mousetrap

Space Fury Space Panic $29.95 each ($2")

Wizard of War™ Victory™ Gorf Blackjack $34.95 each ($2")

Zaxxon $49.95 ($2*) Turbo $69.95 ($4°)

Atari Adapter $69.95 ($4*)

Mattel Intellivision:

NMEILUVOICE

VOCE SINDHEDSOMTRO INELLLIVOICE

Royal Dealer Sharp Shot Shark Shark $26.95 each ($2 Vectron $34.95 ($2")

USCP Chess $49.95 ($2")

California Residents add 6-1/2% sales tax. "Packing, handling and shipping charge.

Mattel Intellivoice Cartridges. B-17 Bomber $39.95 ($2").

Bomb Squad $39.95 ($2").

Space Spartans $39.95 ($2"). Tron Solar Sailor™ $39.95 ($2")

Activision for Mattel Intellivision™ Stampede $31.95 ($2").

Pitfall $31.95 ($2*).

Intellivision™ Joysticks $10/pr. ($2").

Mattel Intellivoice $69.95 ($3") Mattel Intellivision II™ $149.95 ($6*)

Computer Module $129.95 ($3*)

WE HAVE EVERY CARTRIDGE & ACCESSORY FOR ATARI VIDEO COMPUTER SYSTEM: 400/800% 5200, INTELLIVISION, COLECOVISION & VECTREX

Send $2.00 for our latest Catalog & Newsletter telling about all the new and exciting products shown

at the January '83 Consumer Electronics Show!

Please specify If you have an Atari 400/800 unit, and we will send you our Atari 400/800 Catalog.

Visa and MasterCard holders may order by phone. Just call and place your order: 1-800-626-9592 NO C.O.D. ORDERS. (Dealer inquiries welcome.)

G.A.M.E.S.

Direct all mail order & catalog requests to Van Nuys.

Los Angeles: ABC Entertainment Center 2020 Avenue of the Stars. Plaza Level, Los Angeles, CA (213) 203-6433

Ben Fernando Valleys 6626 Valjean Avenue Van Nuys, CA 91406 (215) 781-1300

Orange County, 10529 Ellis Avenue Fountain Valley (734) 964-2711

South Bay: 2814 W Sepulveda (213) 530-7905

For Information call: 1-213-781-1300 (Mon.-Fri. 9-6 PST/Sat. 9-5 PST)

COLECO VISION, DONKEY KONG CARTRIDGE INCLUDED

COLECO VISION

DONKEY KONG CARTRIDGE INCLUDED

COLECOVISION

VIDEO GAME SYSTEM

Includes two & directional joysticks High resolution graphics & sound effects for exching arcade games

9984

小ATARI 2600

POOTBALL

CASSAGE PATOR KIDS DOLL BY MAIS FROM MANUFACTURER

For Use With Colecavision

Fisher-Price

HEMORY MANOR

19.97

Coleco

SUPER ACTION FOOTBALL

29.97

Micro Lab

BOULDER DASH

34.97

Parker Broth

MR. DO'S CASTLE

36.97

Parker Brothers

MONTEZUMA'S REVENGE

36.97

COMPATIBLE WITH ADAN FAMILY COMPUTER SYSTER

Coleco

SUPER ACTION CONTROLLER SET

Gives Individual control of 4 or more players. directional joystick

For Use With Atari 2600

Farner Brothert

PAC-MAN CARTRIDGE INCLUDED

STAR WARS THE EMPIRE STRIKES BACK

Parker Brothers

Q-BERT

6.97

19.97

Sesa

TAPPER

29.97

Sega

Wico

SPY HUNTER

29.97

THE BOSS AFTER BEBATE MAS JOYSTICK JOY For Cannader &

1197 POR

Perker Brothers

MOGGER IL

34.97

ATARI 2600 VIDEO GAME SYSTEM

Compact arcade system. Includes two jor stick controls & AC adapter, Vivid color graphics for exciting arcade gemel

4884

ATARI 5200

PAGMAN CARTRIDGE INCLUDED

ATARI 5200 VIDEO GAME SYSTEM

vivid graphics & & precision on controllers with pause button. Mobile 300 analog joystick for arcade play

7884

INTELLIVISION

For Use With Atari 5900

arker Brothers

FROGGER

Sege

ZAXKON

Sege

CONGO BOHGO.

Parker Brothers

MONTEZUMA'S REVENGE

Parker Brothers MR DO'S CASTLE

For Use With Intellivision II

24.97

29.97

29.97

wico

ATARI 5000

36.97

ANALOG JOYSTICK

360 movement & speed control of on-screen ob jects & fire buttons.

36.97

Imagic

DENON ATTACK.

7.97

Perser Brothers FROGGER

6.97

Mattel Electronic ADVANCED DUNGEONS & DRAGONS

9.97

Tamy

OMNI-BOT

Mattel Electonic

INTELLIVISION II MASTER COMPONENT MASTER COMPONENT

Mattel Electronic NFL FOOTBALL

9.97

ROBOT

1097

Hal radio controlled

Coleco

907

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